{"id":24402,"date":"2020-11-13T20:14:52","date_gmt":"2020-11-13T19:14:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/airpura.de\/sars-cov-2-cistice-vzduchu-odstranuji-90-aerosolu-ve-skolnich-tridach\/"},"modified":"2022-06-08T14:23:30","modified_gmt":"2022-06-08T12:23:30","slug":"sars-cov-2-cistice-vzduchu-odstranuji-90-aerosolu-ve-skolnich-tridach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/airpura.de\/cs\/sars-cov-2-cistice-vzduchu-odstranuji-90-aerosolu-ve-skolnich-tridach\/","title":{"rendered":"SARS-CoV-2: \u010cisti\u010de vzduchu odstra\u0148uj\u00ed 90% aerosol\u016f ve \u0161koln\u00edch t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Zdroj: https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/nachrichten\/117171\/SARS-CoV-2-Luftreiniger-beseiten-90-der-Aerosole-in-Schulklassen<\/a><\/p>\n

SARS-CoV-2: \u010cisti\u010de vzduchu odstra\u0148uj\u00ed 90% aerosol\u016f ve \u0161koln\u00edch t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/h1>\n

V experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed studii instalace 4 komer\u010dn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch \u010disti\u010d\u016f vzduchu sn\u00ed\u017eila koncentraci aerosol\u016f ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b o 90% b\u011bhem p\u016fl hodiny. Podle studie v medRxiv<\/em> (2020; DOI: 10.1101 \/ 2020.10.02.20205633<\/a> ), studenti a u\u010ditel\u00e9 shledali hluk za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou neru\u0161iv\u00fdm.<\/p>\n

SARS-CoV-2 a dal\u0161\u00ed respira\u010dn\u00ed viry se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kapi\u010dek, aerosol\u016f a dotyk\u016f p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f nebo osob. Kapky jsou zadr\u017eeny krytem \u00fast a nosu. Dezinfekce rukou pom\u00e1h\u00e1 proti p\u0159enosu hmatem. Ochrann\u00fdm opat\u0159en\u00edm proti aerosol\u016fm, kter\u00e9 jsou pouze ne\u00fapln\u011b zadr\u017eeny krytem \u00fast a nosu, by mohly b\u00fdt \u010disti\u010de vzduchu nab\u00edzen\u00e9 ve specializovan\u00fdch prodejn\u00e1ch nebo \u017eelez\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b p\u0159edfiltru pro hrub\u00fd prach a filtru s aktivn\u00edm uhl\u00edm pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice obsahuj\u00ed tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u201evysoce \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd vzduchov\u00fd filtr \u010d\u00e1stic\u201c (HEPA), kter\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee ze vzduchu odstranit \u010d\u00e1stice o velikosti 0,1 a\u017e 0,3 \u03bcm.<\/p>\n

Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed testovan\u00e1 t\u00fdmem pod veden\u00edm Joachima Curtiuse z pracovn\u00ed skupiny Experimental Atmospheric Research na Goethe University ve Frankfurtu pou\u017e\u00edvala HEPA filtr podle americk\u00e9 normy (srovnateln\u00fd s H13), kter\u00fd podle v\u00fdrobce obsahoval v\u00edce ne\u017e 99,95% jemn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic odstran\u011bn\u00fdch ze vzduchu.<\/p>\n

Testy prob\u00edhaly v u\u010debn\u011b gymn\u00e1zia o d\u00e9lce 8,24 m, \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce 6,18 ma v\u00fd\u0161ce 3,66 m, kde se vyu\u010dovalo 27 student\u016f.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci distribuovali ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b 4 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a b\u011bhem hodiny ur\u010dili koncentraci aerosol\u016f a CO ve 2 bodech v m\u00edstnosti 2<\/sub> -Koncentrace. M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed byla provedena tak\u00e9 v sousedn\u00ed m\u00edstnosti, kde nebyly instalov\u00e1ny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u010disti\u010de vzduchu.<\/p>\n

M\u00edstnost byla p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm lekce v\u011btr\u00e1na. Bylo otev\u0159eno v\u0161ech 6 oken na dlouh\u00e9 stran\u011b a dve\u0159e naproti. To sn\u00ed\u017eilo CO 2<\/sub> -Koncentrace. Sou\u010dasn\u011b v\u0161ak do\u0161lo ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed koncentrace aerosolu ve vzduchu.<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem hodin pak celkov\u00e1 koncentrace aerosol\u016f op\u011bt poklesla. V m\u00edstnosti bez \u010disti\u010de vzduchu do\u0161lo k poklesu asi o 30%. V\u011bdci to p\u0159ipisuj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stic\u00edm klesaj\u00edc\u00edm na povrch a proces\u016fm smr\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed v aerosolech. Svou roli zde m\u016f\u017ee hr\u00e1t tak\u00e9 vlhkost, elektrick\u00fd n\u00e1boj \u010d\u00e1stic a elektrostatick\u00fd n\u00e1boj povrch\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u010cisti\u010de vzduchu urychlovaly pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed aerosoly. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dohromady dohromady mezi 760 a 1460 m 3<\/sup> Vzduch za hodinu, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee vzduch v m\u00edstnosti byl filtrov\u00e1n asi 5,5kr\u00e1t za hodinu. Podle m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed to m\u011blo za n\u00e1sledek kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed pokles koncentrace aerosolu. Za 37 minut od za\u010d\u00e1tku lekce poklesl o v\u00edce ne\u017e 90%. Podle studie sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed ovlivnilo v\u0161echny velikosti \u010d\u00e1stic stejn\u011b.<\/p>\n

V r\u00e1mci modelov\u00e9ho v\u00fdpo\u010dtu v\u011bdci odhaduj\u00ed, \u017ee \u010disti\u010de vzduchu sni\u017euj\u00ed riziko \u201esuperrozmetadla\u201c infikuj\u00edc\u00edho ostatn\u00ed lidi v m\u00edstnosti SARS-CoV-2 faktorem 6. Jedn\u00e1 se v\u0161ak o v\u00fdpo\u010det s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi nep\u0159ekonateln\u00fdmi, tak\u017ee v\u00fdsledek z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 spekulativn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jedn\u00edm ze zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak sn\u00ed\u017eit koncentraci aerosol\u016f ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, by bylo bez ventilace. Podle profesora Curtiuse by to v\u0161ak nebyl dobr\u00fd n\u00e1pad, proto\u017ee \u010disti\u010de vzduchu odstra\u0148uj\u00ed CO 2<\/sub> neodstra\u0148ujte ze vzduchu a nep\u0159id\u00e1vejte kysl\u00edk.<\/p>\n

M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee CO 2<\/sub> -Hodnoty byly \u010dasto nad doporu\u010den\u00fdmi mezn\u00edmi hodnotami. V\u011bdci proto doporu\u010duj\u00ed, aby \u0161koly instalovaly senzory CO2, aby si studenti a u\u010ditel\u00e9 mohli ov\u011b\u0159it, kdy maj\u00ed m\u00edstnost znovu vyv\u011btrat.<\/p>\n

Pou\u017eit\u00e9 \u010disti\u010de vzduchu jsou nab\u00edzeny za p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 150 eur – v jednotliv\u00fdch mno\u017estv\u00edch p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b od 260 eur. Jednou z nev\u00fdhod je hlukov\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Podle studie v\u0161ak pr\u016fzkum mezi studenty a u\u010diteli uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee hluk \u010disti\u010de vzduchu nebyl v\u011bt\u0161inou vn\u00edm\u00e1n jako ru\u0161iv\u00fd, pokud za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nefunguje na nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni. \u00a9 rme \/ aerzteblatt.de<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>

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